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India’s caste system is an ancient social hierarchy based on occupation and economic status, with roots in historical Hindu writings. People in India are born into a particular caste and tend to keep many aspects of their social life within its boundaries, including whom they marry and whom they choose to count as their close friends. The Indian caste system has extended its influence beyond India through migration. Indian communities in the Caribbean, Africa, the United Kingdom, and North America have carried caste-based social patterns, though these have often transformed under new socio-economic conditions. The caste system in India is a hierarchical social structure based on birth. It includes various endogamous groups with specific social and occupational roles. The system is rooted in ancient Indian society, with references in the Rig-Veda. Castes are marked by common descent, profession, and a sense of community, influencing social status and interactions. Caste system: a social hierarchy with deep historical roots, influencing culture, identity, and equality, while continuing to shape modern societies.