Plasmid: S are extra-chromosomal genetic

Plasmids are extra-chromosomal genetic elements that replicate independently. They are small, circular (some are linear), double-stranded DNA molecules (mostly) that exist in bacterial cells and some eukaryotes. The sizes of plasmids range from roughly one to more than 1000 kilobase pairs. A typical plasmid is a circular, double-stranded DNA molecule less than 1/20 the size of the chromosome. Daughter cells that retain a copy of the plasmid survive, while a daughter cell that fails to inherit the plasmid dies or suffers a reduced growth-rate because of the lingering poison from the parent cell. Plasmid are small, extra-chromosomal, circular, super-coiled, double stranded DNA molecule present in mostly all species of bacteria. A plasmid is a DNA molecule, other than the bacterial chromosomes that has the ability of replication and transmission independently. plasmids, small circular DNA molecules that play a crucial role in genetic engineering and molecular biology. Explore the structure, function, and characteristics of plasmids, including their ability to replicate independently within host cells