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Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder that affects hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen through the body. Misshapen red blood cells can block blood flow causing lifelong health problems. Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited disorders that affect your red blood cells. It can cause pain, anemia, and other problems. Learn about treatments. Overview Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen. Healthy red blood cells are round, and they move through small blood vessels to carry oxygen to all parts of the body. Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited conditions that affect the red blood cells and cause pain, infection and anaemia. Learn about the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and outlook for sickle cell disease and how to live with it.