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Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein in red blood cells that enables the blood to carry oxygen to tissues throughout the body. Low hemoglobin levels often indicate anemia, but high levels can also... Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. Learn about hemoglobin tests, normal and abnormal levels, causes and symptoms of anemia, and how to increase hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin is a metalloprotein, chromoprotein, and globulin that facilitates the transportation of oxygen in red blood cells. It has an oxygen-binding capacity of 1.34 mL of O 2 per gram, and also transports carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, and other molecules in different organisms. What is Hemoglobin? Hemoglobin, also known as haemoglobin or Hb, is a type of protein found in red blood cells (RBCs) that plays a crucial role in transporting oxygen (O2) throughout the body. It is a tetrameric protein, meaning it is made up of four subunits, and each subunit contains a heme prosthetic group. Hemoglobin is considered a respiratory pigment because it carries oxygen in the form of oxyhemoglobin from the lungs to various tissues and organs in the body. In addition to oxygen ...