Xylazine: Is a non-opioid and

Xylazine is a non-opioid and clonidine analog with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties used as a tranquilizer used in veterinary medicine. Xylazine is an extremely lipophilic compound with a half-life ranging from 23 to 50 minutes in various animal models (2). Its duration of action may be extended because of absorption and redistribution from adipose tissue. Xylazine ’s lipophilic nature and its action on various receptors underscore the risk for dangerous drug-drug interactions, especially with opioids such as the synthetic opioid fentanyl (11). Xylazine may mitigate noradrenergic withdrawal symptoms during acute use ... Xylazine , a large animal tranquilizer, has been associated with increasing numbers of overdoses. It is often laced in drugs sold on the streets such as heroin or fentanyl. Xylazine (N‑(2,6‑dimethylphenyl)‑5,6‑dihydro‑4H‑1,3‑thiazin‑2‑amine; C₁₂H₁₆N₂S; MW 220.33 g mol⁻¹) is a veterinary α₂‑adrenergic agonist widely used for sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation. First synthesized in 1962 (Behner et al., 1964), it now also appears as an adulterant in illicit opioids, posing public-health challenges. This review integrates insights from chemical patents, peer-reviewed studies, and public spectral databases to present: (1 ...